Milestone-Proposal:Commercialization of multi-layer ceramic capacitors with nickel electrode (Ni-MLCCs), 1982.: Difference between revisions

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{{Proposal
#REDIRECT [[Milestone-Proposal:Commercialization of Multi-Layer Ceramic Capacitors with Nickel electrode (Ni-MLCCs), 1982.]]
|litigation=No
|more than 25 years=Yes
|within fields of interest=Yes
|benefit to humanity=Yes
|regional importance=Yes
|ou is paying=Yes
|ou is arranging dedication=Yes
|section is taking responsibility for plaque=Yes
|a11=Yes
|a3=1982
|a1=Commercialization of Multi-Layer Ceramic Capacitors with Nickel electrode (Ni-MLCCs), 1982
|plaque citation=Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. released new Ni-MLCCs in 1982, and has since been the world’s leading manufacturer of Ni-MLCCs. Through innovations of capacitance enhancement, fabrication miniaturization, and cost reduction, the world annual production of Ni-MLCCs has risen to 3 trillion, according as their utility is expanding in computer/network devices, home appliances, industrial equipment, and medical instruments. Now, Ni-MLCC is the key element indispensable to all electronics devices
|a2b=IEEE Kansai Section
|IEEE units paying={{IEEE Organizational Unit Paying
|Unit=Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd.
|Senior officer name=Nagato Omori
}}
|IEEE units arranging={{IEEE Organizational Unit Arranging
|Unit=IEEE Kansai Section
|Senior officer name=Toshiharu Sugie
}}
|IEEE sections monitoring={{IEEE Section Monitoring
|Section=IEEE Kansai Section
|Section chair name=Toshinaru Sugie
}}
|Milestone proposers={{Milestone proposer
|Proposer name=Isao Shirakawa
|Proposer email=sirakawa@ai.u-hyogo.ac.jp
}}
|a4=The major historical significance of Murata’s commercialization of Ni-MLCCs is briefed as follows.
1.  Historical background of the birth of Ni-MLCCs: 
The discovery of the barium titanate (BaTiO3) ceramics with high dielectric quality in 1944 trig-gered the development of a series of multi-layer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs), such as those with Pt (platinum), Pd (palladium), and Ag (silver)-Pd electrodes, in the 1960s through the early 1970s mainly for military and industrial use because of their extremely high material prices. Although the MLCC with Ag-Pd electrode was the cheapest of all MLCCs at that time, the prices of both Ag and Pd were skyrocketing due to the 1973 oil crisis, and hence a much cheaper base metal was thirsted to be substituted for the Ag-Pd alloy. Seeing that the necessary condition for a metal to be used for the internal electrode of MLCC was that it could be co-sintered with the dielectric material at low oxygen partial pressure, Murata began to develop a new MLCC with a base metal electrode in 1974.
 
2.  Selection of Ni for electrode and development of new MLCCs: 
Murata first focused on nickel (Ni) as a feasible candidate for the electrode of MLCC because of its very low price, and then tried to develop a dielectric material to compose MLCC with this Ni electrode, until in 1975 Murata successfully acquired the new dielectrics made of BaTiO3 ceramics with its composition BaO partly displaced by CaO [1, 2]. Through fabrication reformations [3, 4], Murata attained newly-made dielectrics which exhibited an excellent insulating performance even if co-sintered with Ni electrode. Eventually, in 1982 Murata embarked on the mass production, therefore the commercialization, of the new MLCCs with Ni electrode (Ni-MLCCs) [5, 6, 7].
 
3.  Achievements of commercializing new Ni-MLCCs:
Noting that as compared with the material price of Ag-Pd alloy, that of Ni was almost 1/300 in the early 1980s, it turned out that Murata’s new Ni-MLCCs extremely reduced the fabrication cost. In addition, due to the progress of the miniaturization technology as well as the surface mount technology, the industrial demands for the Ni-MLCCs grew so dramatically that Murata eventually attained the global lead in the commercialization of Ni-MLCCs. Owing to Murata’s outstanding achievements of developing the new Ni-MLCCs, Mr. Y. Sakabe, a chief engineer at Murata, won the Fulrath Award from the American Ceramic Association in 1986 [7, 8], and Murata also received the Corporate Technical Achievement Award at the American Ceramic Association’s 100th Annual Meeting in 1998 [9].
|a6=1. Obstacle to improving the quality of Ni-MLCCs:
Even after Murata successfully found a useful dielectric material in 1975, there still remained the hard problem of how to enhance the capacitance of the new Ni-MLCC. To cope with this diffi-culty, Murata tried to increase the capacitance density of Ni-MLCC not only by reducing the di-electric/electrode thickness but also by augmenting the number of layers [5, 6, 7]. Eventually, in 1982 Murata successfully embarked on the mass production of the new Ni-MLCCs.
 
2. Obstacle to maintaining the reliability:
Centralab Inc. (Milwaukee, USA) released Ni-MLCCs in 1979, which unfortunately caused a fatal accident of deteriorating the insulation characteristics, resulting in the production stoppage [10]. Motivated by this incident, Murata concentrated much on developing reliable Ni-MLCCs, until they successfully attained new Ni-MLCCs after repeated improvements, in which the dielectrics displayed an excellent insulating performance even if co-fired with the Ni electrode [5, 6, 7]. Thus Murata’s new Ni-MLCCs exhibited their high insulation characteristics.
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|submitted=No
}}

Latest revision as of 15:57, 5 March 2020